What is a rectal spacer?
A rectal spacer is a medical device used to protect the rectum during radiation therapy for prostate cancer. It is typically made of a soft, gel-like material called hydrogel, which is biocompatible and absorbable by the body. By creating space between the prostate and the rectum, the spacer helps reduce the risk of damaging the rectum, which can lead to fewer side effects.
How Does a Rectal Spacer Work During Radiation Therapy?
The rectal spacer is injected into the space between the prostate and the rectum before radiation therapy begins. This procedure is usually guided by ultrasound or other imaging techniques to ensure accurate placement. Once in place, the spacer increases the distance between the prostate and the rectum by about 1-2 centimetres. This separation ensures that the high-energy rays target the prostate more precisely, while the rectum remains out of harm's way.
What Are the Benefits of Using a Rectal Spacer?
The primary benefit of using a rectal spacer is the reduction of gastrointestinal side effects. Some of the key benefits include:
- Lower risk of rectal pain: By keeping the rectum away from the radiation field, there is less damage to rectal tissues.
- Reduced bleeding: The likelihood of rectal bleeding is significantly decreased.
- Fewer bowel problems: Patients are less likely to experience issues like diarrhoea or urgency.
Clinical studies have shown that using a rectal spacer can reduce the risk of moderate to severe rectal toxicity by up to 75% compared to not using a spacer.
Are Rectal Spacers Recognised by Health Authorities?
Yes, rectal spacers are recognised by health authorities, including the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK. NICE provides guidance on health and care, and it has approved the use of rectal spacers as a safe and effective option to reduce radiation-induced side effects in prostate cancer treatment.
Who Can Benefit from a Rectal Spacer?
Rectal spacers are particularly beneficial for men undergoing external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer. They are suitable for most patients, especially those who want to minimise the potential side effects of their treatment. It’s important to consult with a urologist or radiation oncologist to determine if a rectal spacer is the right choice for you.
Are There Any Risks or Side Effects Associated with Rectal Spacers?
While rectal spacers are generally safe, some risks exist. Common side effects include temporary discomfort or swelling at the injection site. In rare cases, there may be an infection or an allergic reaction to the hydrogel material. However, these risks are low, and most patients tolerate the procedure well.
What Is the Procedure for Inserting a Rectal Spacer?
The rectal spacer is inserted in a simple, outpatient procedure that usually takes about 10-15 minutes. The steps include:
- Preparation: You may receive a mild sedative to help you relax.
- Placement: The doctor injects the hydrogel spacer into the space between the prostate and rectum using imaging guidance.
- Recovery: Most patients go home the same day with minimal discomfort.
The spacer remains in place for the duration of radiation therapy and naturally absorbs into the body over several months.
How Effective Are Rectal Spacers in Reducing Side Effects?
Rectal spacers are highly effective in reducing the gastrointestinal side effects of radiation therapy. Studies have shown a 75% reduction in the risk of moderate to severe rectal toxicity in patients who use a rectal spacer. This effectiveness has made rectal spacers a standard practice in many cancer treatment centres, significantly improving the quality of life for patients.
